📖 BSc Zoology First Semester Notes (DU)

General characteristics of non-chordates and basis of classification.

General characteristics and classification of Protista; Life cycle of Plasmodium vivax; Locomotion and reproduction in Protista.

Introduction to Parazoa; General characteristics and classification of Porifera; Canal system (Ascon, Sycon, and Leucon) in sponges.

Introduction to Metazoa; General characteristics and classification of Cnidaria and Ctenophora; Polymorphism in Cnidaria; Corals and coral reefs.

General characteristics and classification; Parasitic adaptations of Helminthes; Life cycle of Taenia solium and Ascaris lumbricoides.

Quick Revision Summary and Most Important Questions for DSC-1 Non-chordates.

DU previous year question papers (PYQ) for BSc Zoology first semester exams.

Handwritten practical file including spotted specimens and slides for BSc Zoology first semester DU.

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells; Various models of plasma membrane structures, Transport across membranes: active and passive transport, facilitated transport; Cell-cell junctions, structures, and functions: Tight junctions, adherens junctions, gap junctions.

Structure and Functions: Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, Signal hypothesis, Vesicular transport from ER to Golgi apparatus, Protein sorting and transport from Golgi apparatus, Coated Vesicles, Lysosomes, Peroxisomes. Structure of Mitochondria, Semiautonomous nature, Endosymbiotic hypothesis; Respiratory chain, Chemiosmotic hypothesis, ATP Synthase.

Structure and Functions of Microtubules, Microfilaments and Intermediate filaments.

Structure of Nucleus, Nuclear envelope, nuclear pore complex, Transport of molecules across nuclear membrane, nucleosome, nucleolus; Chromatin: euchromatin, heterochromatin.

Mitosis, Meiosis, Cell cycle and its regulation, Cell division checkpoints

Cell Signaling through G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) and role of secondary messenger: cAMP and protein kinase A.

Quick revision notes and Most Important Questions for Cell Biology.

DU PYQs for Cell Biology exams.

Practical file covering all the experiments with procedures, diagrams and photographs.

Autecology and Synecology, Laws of limiting factors, Study of physical factors: Temperature and Light.

Unitary and Modular populations; Unique and group attributes of population: density, natality, mortality, life tables, fecundity tables, survivorship curves, age ratio, sex ratio, dispersal and dispersion; Exponential and logistic growth, equations and patterns, r and k strategies; Intraspecific population regulation: density-dependent and independent factors.

Types of species interactions, Interspecific competition: Lotka-Volterra model of competition, Gause’s Principle with laboratory and field examples, Niche concept; Predation: Lotka-Volterra equations, Functional and numerical responses, predator defence mechanisms, Resource partitioning.

Community characteristics: species richness, dominance, diversity, abundance, guilds, ecotone and edge effect; Ecological succession with examples and types.

Types of Ecosystems: Terrestrial ecosystem, vertical stratification in tropical forest; Food chain: detritus and grazing food chains, linear and Y-shaped food chains, food web; Energy flow through the ecosystem; Ecological pyramids and Ecological efficiencies; Biogeochemical cycle- nitrogen cycle.

Ecology in wildlife conservation and management, Protected areas: National Parks, Biosphere reserves and Sanctuaries; Restoration ecology, Principles of Environmental impact assessment.

Ecology First semester Most Important Questions and short revision notes

DU BSc Zoology first sem Ecology PYQs

Covers all the practicals for first semester Concepts of Ecology